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Introduction NestJS is a progressive Node.js framework built with TypeScript, facilitating the development of efficient and scalable server-side applications. By default, NestJS uses Express as its core HTTP processing library. Key advantages include a tight modular architecture inspired by Angular and strong TypeScript support to reduce code errors. Controllers serve as the layer for processing incoming requests and returning responses to the client side. Their primary responsibility is to receive HTTP requests, route data to business logic services, and coordinate the returned result in the correct format. Swagger is a powerful suite of tools used for designing, building, and documenting RESTful APIs developed based on the OpenAPI data format specification. In NestJS, it helps automatically generate an intuitive UI interface for testing endpoints, enabling developers and stakeholders to understand the API structure without directly reading the source code. Detail After creating the N...

Introduction Expression Index is an extremely powerful feature of PostgreSQL, which can be used for any data type (such as text, numbers, time, arrays and more) as long as the result of the expression returns a Deterministic value You can use Expression Index for all index types ( B-Tree , Hash , GIN , GiST and more) as long as the expression you write in the CREATE INDEX command returns a data type that the Index type supports for processing The nature of Expression Index is that instead of indexing on the original column value, Postgres precomputes the result of the function or expression as soon as you INSERT/UPDATE and saves the result directly into the Index file Characteristics After creating an Expression Index, when using a query, you must write it exactly like the expression in the Index, otherwise the index will not work Every time a row of data is modified, Postgres must run that function or expression to get the result to create the Index. Therefore, avoid using function...

Introduction pg-promise is a powerful library for Node.js dedicated to interacting with PostgreSQL databases. This library is built on top of the native pg driver but provides a high-level abstraction layer with a Promise-based architecture, making the source code cleaner, easier to read and more maintainable. Advantages Automatically manages connections and transactions safely Features a built-in powerful SQL formatting system to prevent SQL Injection attacks Supports handling external SQL files via Query Files and offers exceptionally high performance for bulk data insertion thanks to optimized utilities like pgp.helpers.insert and pgp.helpers.update . Prerequisites In the previous article, I provided instructions on using Prisma to seed data, but using ORMs always introduces limitations such as lack of support for all data types as well as advanced database features. Since ORMs are designed to work with various database types, they sacrifice specific functionalities to solve gener...