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Introduction Zustand is an extremely lightweight, fast, and easy-to-use state management library for React applications. Highlighted advantages of Zustand include: No need for a Provider to wrap the application Extremely concise syntax that reduces boilerplate code Excellent support for TypeScript High performance thanks to a mechanism that only re-renders necessary components. Detail First, install it into your project as follows: yarn add zustand Let's start with a simple Counter app example for you to easily understand how to use it. Create file useCounterStore.ts import {create} from 'zustand' interface CounterState { count : number increment : () => void decrement : () => void reset : () => void } const useCounterStore = create < CounterState >( set => ({ count: 0 , increment : () => set ( state => ({ count: state.count + 1 })) , decrement : () => set ( state => ({ count: state.count - 1 })) , res...

Introduction The Request-Response Lifecycle in NestJS is a clearly defined sequence of steps that a request must pass through before a response is sent back to the client. Simply put, it is like a production line: each department has its own task to check, transform, or process the data. Key Components The typical execution order is as follows: Incoming Request: The request sent from the client. Middleware: Performs tasks such as logging, basic authentication, or modifying the request object. Guards: Responsible for security, deciding whether this request is allowed to proceed (Authentication/Authorization). Interceptors (Pre-controller): Allows you to intervene in the logic before it reaches the Controller. Pipes: Used for data transformation (Transformation) and validating the input data (Validation). Controller: Where the main business logic resides and processes the request. Interceptors (Post-controller): Processes the data after the Controller returns it (e.g., changing the JSON ...